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Blepharitis is a common problem for both children and adults. It is an inflammation that affects the eyelids and eyelashes and can be brought on by bacterial infections, poor eyelid hygiene, excessive oil production and allergic reactions. There are two types of blepharitis; anterior and posterior.

Anterior blepharitis affects the front of the eyelids where the eyelashes attach. It is caused by bacteria or dandruff from the scalp. Symptoms include redness of eyelids, itching, irritation and a crusty build up on the eyelid.

Posterior blepharitis affects the inner eyelid and is caused by a problem with the oil gland within the eyelid. It is characterized by redness and swelling of the eyelid, along with itching, burning, tearing and irritation.

Blepharitis can be treated in a variety of ways including cleaning and massaging eyelids, applying a warm compress and antibiotics. However, long term effects can cause problems, so it is important to consult with your eye care provider.

Retinopathy occurs when abnormal blood vessels leak fluid into the retina.

Normally, the blood vessels in your eye do not leak. However, they can develop tiny holes which, over time, seep fluid into the retina. This fluid deposits a fatty material, and if it occurs in the central part of the retina, can reduce or blur vision. Leakage elsewhere within your eye may or may not have adverse effects.

Risk factors and contributors to Retinopathy include premature birth, ciliopathy, direct sunlight exposure, some medications, genetic factors, anemia, and diet. Blood sugar levels in particular are a major contributing factor, putting people with Diabetes at high risk.

Retinopathy can be treated through a procedure called photocoagulation which uses a laser to seal off leaking blood vessels. Since there are no nerve endings within the retina, the process is painless.